{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## E.1 An Introduction to Python's re Module"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import re\n",
    "import pandas as pd"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "<re.Match object; span=(9, 15), match='flower'>"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "re.search(\"flower\", \"field of flowers\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "None\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(re.search(\"flower\", \"Barney the Dinosaur\"))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['flower', 'flower']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 4,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "re.findall(\"flower\", \"Picking flowers in the flower field\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## E.2 Metacharacters"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'I went to the store and bought 5 apples, 4 oranges, and 15 plums.'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 5,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "sentence = \"I went to the store and bought \" \\\n",
    "           \"5 apples, 4 oranges, and 15 plums.\"\n",
    "\n",
    "sentence"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['5', '4', '1', '5']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 6,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "re.findall(\"\\d\", sentence)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "['5', '4', '1', '5']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(re.findall(r\"\\d\", sentence))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "['I', ' ', 'w', 'e', 'n', 't', ' ', 't', 'o', ' ', 't', 'h', 'e', ' ', 's', 't', 'o', 'r', 'e', ' ', 'a', 'n', 'd', ' ', 'b', 'o', 'u', 'g', 'h', 't', ' ', ' ', 'a', 'p', 'p', 'l', 'e', 's', ',', ' ', ' ', 'o', 'r', 'a', 'n', 'g', 'e', 's', ',', ' ', 'a', 'n', 'd', ' ', ' ', 'p', 'l', 'u', 'm', 's', '.']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(re.findall(r\"\\D\", sentence))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "['I', 'w', 'e', 'n', 't', 't', 'o', 't', 'h', 'e', 's', 't', 'o', 'r', 'e', 'a', 'n', 'd', 'b', 'o', 'u', 'g', 'h', 't', '5', 'a', 'p', 'p', 'l', 'e', 's', '4', 'o', 'r', 'a', 'n', 'g', 'e', 's', 'a', 'n', 'd', '1', '5', 'p', 'l', 'u', 'm', 's']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(re.findall(r\"\\w\", sentence))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ',', ' ', ' ', ',', ' ', ' ', ' ', '.']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(re.findall(r\"\\W\", sentence))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ', ' ']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(re.findall(r\"\\s\", sentence))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "['I', 'w', 'e', 'n', 't', 't', 'o', 't', 'h', 'e', 's', 't', 'o', 'r', 'e', 'a', 'n', 'd', 'b', 'o', 'u', 'g', 'h', 't', '5', 'a', 'p', 'p', 'l', 'e', 's', ',', '4', 'o', 'r', 'a', 'n', 'g', 'e', 's', ',', 'a', 'n', 'd', '1', '5', 'p', 'l', 'u', 'm', 's', '.']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(re.findall(r\"\\S\", sentence))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "['t', 't', 't', 't', 't']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(re.findall(r\"t\", sentence))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "['to', 'to']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(re.findall(r\"to\", sentence))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "['t', 't']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(re.findall(r\"\\bt\", sentence))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "['t', 't']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(re.findall(r\"t\\b\", sentence))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "['t', 't', 't']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(re.findall(r\"\\Bt\", sentence))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## E.3 Advanced Search Patterns"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 18,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'coca cola.'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 18,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "soda = \"coca cola.\"\n",
    "soda"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 19,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "['c', 'o', 'c', 'a', ' ', 'c', 'o', 'l', 'a', '.']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(re.findall(r\".\", soda))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 20,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "['co', 'ca', 'co']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(re.findall(r\"c.\", soda))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 21,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "['.']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(re.findall(r\"\\.\", soda))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 22,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "['co', 'co']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(re.findall(r\"co\", soda))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 23,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "['c', 'o', 'c', 'c', 'o']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(re.findall(r\"[co]\", soda))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 24,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "['c', 'o', 'c', 'c', 'o']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(re.findall(r\"[oc]\", soda))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 25,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "['c', 'c', 'c', 'l']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(re.findall(r\"[cdefghijkl]\", soda))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 26,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "['c', 'c', 'c', 'l']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(re.findall(r\"[c-l]\", soda))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 27,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'bookkeeper'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 27,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "word = \"bookkeeper\"\n",
    "word"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 28,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "['ee']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(re.findall(r\"ee\", word))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 29,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "['ee']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(re.findall(r\"e{2}\", word))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 30,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(re.findall(r\"e{3}\", word))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 31,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "['ee', 'e']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(re.findall(r\"e{1,3}\", word))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 32,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'I can be reached at 555-123-4567. Look forward to talking to you soon.'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 32,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "transcription = \"I can be reached at 555-123-4567. \"\\\n",
    "                \"Look forward to talking to you soon.\"\n",
    "\n",
    "transcription"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 33,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "['555-123-4567']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(re.findall(r\"\\d{3}-\\d{3}-\\d{4}\", transcription))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 34,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "['555-123-4567']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(re.findall(r\"\\d+-\\d+-\\d+\", transcription))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## E.4 Regular Expressions and pandas"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 35,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>Brand</th>\n",
       "      <th>Flavor</th>\n",
       "      <th>Description</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>Ben and Jerry's</td>\n",
       "      <td>Salted Caramel Core</td>\n",
       "      <td>Sweet Cream Ice Cream with Blonde Brownies &amp; a...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>Ben and Jerry's</td>\n",
       "      <td>Netflix &amp; Chilll'd™</td>\n",
       "      <td>Peanut Butter Ice Cream with Sweet &amp; Salty Pre...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>Ben and Jerry's</td>\n",
       "      <td>Chip Happens</td>\n",
       "      <td>A Cold Mess of Chocolate Ice Cream with Fudge ...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>Ben and Jerry's</td>\n",
       "      <td>Cannoli</td>\n",
       "      <td>Mascarpone Ice Cream with Fudge-Covered Pastry...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>Ben and Jerry's</td>\n",
       "      <td>Gimme S’more!™</td>\n",
       "      <td>Toasted Marshmallow Ice Cream with Chocolate C...</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "             Brand               Flavor  \\\n",
       "0  Ben and Jerry's  Salted Caramel Core   \n",
       "1  Ben and Jerry's  Netflix & Chilll'd™   \n",
       "2  Ben and Jerry's         Chip Happens   \n",
       "3  Ben and Jerry's              Cannoli   \n",
       "4  Ben and Jerry's       Gimme S’more!™   \n",
       "\n",
       "                                         Description  \n",
       "0  Sweet Cream Ice Cream with Blonde Brownies & a...  \n",
       "1  Peanut Butter Ice Cream with Sweet & Salty Pre...  \n",
       "2  A Cold Mess of Chocolate Ice Cream with Fudge ...  \n",
       "3  Mascarpone Ice Cream with Fudge-Covered Pastry...  \n",
       "4  Toasted Marshmallow Ice Cream with Chocolate C...  "
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 35,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "ice_cream = pd.read_csv(\"ice_cream.csv\")\n",
    "ice_cream.head()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 36,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>Chocolate Ice</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>Chocolate Cookie</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "                  0\n",
       "0               NaN\n",
       "1               NaN\n",
       "2     Chocolate Ice\n",
       "3               NaN\n",
       "4  Chocolate Cookie"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 36,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "ice_cream[\"Description\"].str.extract(r\"(\\bChocolate\\s\\w+)\").head()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 37,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>Chocolate Ice</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>Chocolate Cookie</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>8</th>\n",
       "      <td>Chocolate Ice</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>9</th>\n",
       "      <td>Chocolate Ice</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>13</th>\n",
       "      <td>Chocolate Cookie</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "                   0\n",
       "2      Chocolate Ice\n",
       "4   Chocolate Cookie\n",
       "8      Chocolate Ice\n",
       "9      Chocolate Ice\n",
       "13  Chocolate Cookie"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 37,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "(\n",
    "    ice_cream[\"Description\"]\n",
    "    .str.extract(r\"(\\bChocolate\\s\\w+)\")\n",
    "    .dropna()\n",
    "    .head()\n",
    ")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 38,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "2        Chocolate Ice\n",
       "4     Chocolate Cookie\n",
       "8        Chocolate Ice\n",
       "9        Chocolate Ice\n",
       "13    Chocolate Cookie\n",
       "Name: 0, dtype: object"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 38,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "(\n",
    "    ice_cream[\"Description\"]\n",
    "    .str.extract(r\"(\\bChocolate\\s\\w+)\")\n",
    "    .dropna()\n",
    "    .squeeze()\n",
    "    .head()\n",
    ")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 39,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "chocolate_flavors = (\n",
    "    ice_cream[\"Description\"]\n",
    "    .str.extract(r\"(\\bChocolate\\s\\w+)\")\n",
    "    .dropna()\n",
    "    .squeeze()\n",
    ")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 40,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "2        [Chocolate, Ice]\n",
       "4     [Chocolate, Cookie]\n",
       "8        [Chocolate, Ice]\n",
       "9        [Chocolate, Ice]\n",
       "13    [Chocolate, Cookie]\n",
       "Name: 0, dtype: object"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 40,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "chocolate_flavors.str.split(r\"\\s\").head()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 41,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "2        Ice\n",
       "4     Cookie\n",
       "8        Ice\n",
       "9        Ice\n",
       "13    Cookie\n",
       "Name: 0, dtype: object"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 41,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "chocolate_flavors.str.split(r\"\\s\").str.get(1).head()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 42,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "Ice         11\n",
       "Cookie       4\n",
       "Chip         3\n",
       "Sandwich     2\n",
       "Cookies      2\n",
       "Mint         1\n",
       "Malt         1\n",
       "Name: 0, dtype: int64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 42,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "chocolate_flavors.str.split(r\"\\s\").str.get(1).value_counts()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## E.5 Summary"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
 ],
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